Watching the UN General Assembly this year made one wonder if the illustrious
world organization should not be moved from the East River to Hollywood, as it
is undoubtedly the “best show in town,” with almost 200 heads of state, prime
ministers and foreign ministers mostly directing their bravado toward their
domestic constituencies and the television cameras.
The Oscar for the
Best Actor would probably go to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, as his act was closest to
the somewhat ridiculous and dangerous man he is, speaking about freedom, human
rights and peace without masking his Muslim fanaticism or revealing his nuclear
and terroristic ambitions and Iran’s abuse of human rights and basic
freedoms.
The Oscar for the Best Actor in an Animated Feature would
probably go to our own Binyamin Netanyahu with his simplistic live presentation
– vintage Bibi.
Barack Obama, the current and probably next president of
the United States, was not convinced.
There seem to be very few
candidates for Best Actress as there are far too few female heads of state and
government, not to speak of within the UN itself. Best Director would probably
have to go to Ban Ki-moon, as he orchestrated the charade at the General
Assembly – intelligent and polite, but yet he has done very little to reform
this outdated organization.
While this parade of endless speeches took
place at the General Assembly, the world witnessed hundreds of innocent Syrians
killed every day by the brutal Bashar regime, al-Qaida terrorism in Afghanistan
and Libya, tension between China and Japan, a dangerous stalemate in the Middle
East, a series of humanitarian crises all over the African continent with, for
instance, thousands of Eritrean refugees tortured or killed in the Sinai Desert,
human sex-trafficking, violent demonstrations in the Muslim world, and a
breakdown of the Greek and Spanish economies.
The world is numb listening
to useless addresses in an organization that has become ineffective in dealing
with today’s global challenges.
The United Nations was created after
World War II to replace the League of Nations as a reflection of a new post-war
reality and a post-colonial world. The UN Charter puts at the forefront of the
organization’s mandate peace, security and friendly relations among countries
based on equality, respect of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all
without distinction of race, sex, language or religion. The UN has clearly
failed as conflict and wars continue and human rights are violently violated in
virtually every corner of the world.
This comes at a time when
international collective action has become more important and urgent. Without
collective multilateral efforts, there will be no solutions to most of the
world’s conflicts and ailments, be they in Iran, Syria or Sudan, or in the
reduction of poverty, hunger and disease so prevalent in Africa.
However,
while there is a desire for the leading world power – the United States under
President Barack Obama – to act diplomatically through collective efforts, the
UN is an inefficient vehicle. At best it represents the powers of the middle of
the last century, with the predominance of the nation state and the supposed
omnipotence of government.
The world of 2012 is not that of
1945. The world is in many ways borderless when it comes to the movement
of people, trade, money and the important interconnectivity between value- and
interest- based communities, not necessarily countries. The forces of evil have
also fundamentally changed – if after WWII, a country needed to be wealthy in
resources, financial or natural, in today’s world the weaker and poorer parts of
the chain of nations have become more dangerous. The acquisition or development
of weapons of mass destruction is open to all including the poorest of states,
such as North Korea and Iran, and in the near future probably to terrorist
organizations such as al-Qaida. Opportunity and destruction are easier to come
by – and both challenges can only be met by effective collective
efforts.
This is especially true at this moment in history when
governments have become less relevant and governance more difficult. Economies
are mostly run by the private sector, societies are moved increasingly by civil
society, information is passed on by new media vehicles and security is, more
than before, in the hands of individual groups.
A fundamental reform of
the international governing body, the UN, is therefore absolutely
necessary.
Such a reform, once attempted without success by Kofi Annan,
should include the following elements:
- The creation of a UN Parliamentary
Assembly as a “lower house” parallel to the General Assembly as an “upper
house.” A Parliamentary Assembly constituted by nongovernmental and youth
organizations dedicated to social progress and peace building from all member
countries and observers – this body to be selected by the existing and former
secretary-general of the UN – an assembly for the “United People of the World”
convening once a year and communicating on a special UN website.
- A
stronger and bigger US Secretariat that will have the authority to implement the
necessary reform, including the modus operandi of the new Parliamentary
Assembly, and its relationship to the General Assembly and to the specialized
agencies. With the appointment of the next secretary-general, the person at the
helm of the new United Nations should come with a background in the most
pressing social and human rights issues, preferably a first-ever female
secretary- general, such as Burma’s Aung San Suu Kyi.
- Turning the
Economic and Social Council of the UN (ECOSOC) into an important body parallel
to the Security Council – also with 15 members of whom at least eight are from
the developing world, and all 15 without veto power. This body would deal with
socioeconomic development, humanitarian intervention, education, environment and
human rights – all closely linked to world peace and development. The new ECOSOC
should work closely with the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
Private sector groups and foundations willing to contribute to development would
be included as observers.
- The establishment of two new specialized
agencies – given that the central purpose of the United Nations is to promote
peace, yet there are no specialized agencies which deal specifically with this:
- A peace-building and security agency with a rapid intervention force,
peacekeeping and peace-building forces and the mandate to initiate peace-building
and reconciliation programs in post-conflict areas, thus contributing to the
prevention of relapse and future conflict. This agency should be headed
preferably by the main contributor to its activities, i.e. the United
States.
- A human rights agency charged with ongoing monitoring of
human rights abuses in relation to the UN Charter, as fundamental human rights
are at the basis of the principle of equality and therefore of peaceful
coexistence – equality between genders, religions, cultures, races, nations and
countries. The basic rights include food security, a clean environment,
education, labor, respect for human dignity and self-determination, as well as
the rights of children, of women, and of minorities. This agency should have a
special global education and training program with respect to building a culture
of human rights. The agency should work in conjunction with NGOs such as Amnesty
International and youth organizations (as these rights are at the top of the
agenda of young people all over the world). It should be headed by a
representative of a country with an impressive experience on human rights such
as South Africa or Norway.
Reform along these lines is necessary if the
UN is to represent the world of the 22nd century, with the growing power of
civil society institutions. Change is necessary if the UN wants to become more
effective in a collaborative effort to tackle today’s complex and deep global
problems, such as dealing with Syrian genocide, Iran’s nuclear ambitions,
regional peace and security, poverty and economic development, abuse of human
rights and international justice.
As for Israel, we need to understand
that the modern world will increasingly function through collective efforts,
often led by the United States. We should be part of it, contribute to it, and
isolate pariah states such as Iran and North Korea, rather than isolate
ourselves.
The writer is president of the Peres Center for Peace and
served as Israel’s chief negotiator for the Oslo Accords.