CAIRO — One Egyptian kissed the ground. Another rolled in ecstasy in the grass outside a presidential palace. People wept, jumped, screamed and hugged each other with a shared joy they had never known. Cairo erupted in a cacophony of celebration: fireworks and car horns and gunshots in the air.
Egyptian President
Hosni Mubarak resigned and handed power to the military on Friday, and Egypt held its biggest party in decades.
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Egypt"The people have toppled the regime," chanted protesters, whose 18 days of swelling protests tipped Egypt into a crisis that the autocratic government could not undo.
"This is the happiest day in my generation," said Ali al-Tayab, a demonstrator who paid tribute to those who died in clashes with police and Mubarak supporters. "To the martyrs, this is your day."
At a presidential palace in Cairo, where demonstrators had gathered in the thousands, people flashed the V-for-victory sign and shouted, "Be happy, Egyptians, today is a feast" and "He stepped down."
They handed out candy. Many prayed and declared: "God is great."
Crowds packed Tahrir Square, the scene of massive protests against Mubarak that began on Jan. 25. The celebrations continued early Saturday, with throngs of people milling around in downtown Cairo, aiding soldiers in beginning to remove the road blocks the army put up for most of the demonstrations.
A huge poster hanging in the square read, "Breaking news: The people have brought down the regime."
"Egypt is free," shouted Mahmoud Elhetta, a protest organizer. "We are a great people and we did something great. This is the expected end for every dictator."
Some, though, warned that Egypt still faces many challenges, including what they hope will be a peaceful transition to free elections and a full democracy.
"We still have a long way to go to fix things," said protester Hala Abdel-Razek. "What has been ruined by the Mubarak regime has to be fixed and we have to start rebuilding with the help of the young people."
A speaker on a podium said demonstrators would not immediately abandon the square because: "There is more to do."
Some soldiers who were stationed at the square ran into the crowd to
celebrate, and protesters lifted them onto their shoulders. Other troops
stayed at their posts, watching the scene in awe. People posed with
them for photographs in front of tanks. Flag-waving children climbed
onto the vehicles.
The protesters' barricades that had controlled entry to the square were
dismantled, and security checkpoints at which demonstrators showed
identification and had their bags searched were also gone.
On Thursday, an exultant crowd gathered on the square for what they
expected would be the president's televised announcement that he would
resign. Instead they were shocked to hear him say he would transfer
power to his deputy, but keep the title. Angry and disappointed,
thousands of protesters fanned out across the city on Friday.
Egyptian Vice President Omar Suleiman then announced that his boss had resigned.
In Tahrir Square, protesters heard the announcement on mobile telephone
radios that they passed back and forth. They broke into cheers and some
formed a conga line, winding through the packed area.
"Goodbye, Goodbye," demonstrators shouted. They beat drums and waved national flags.
"Finally, we are free," said 60-year-old Safwan Abou Stat. "From now on,
anyone who is going to rule will know that these people are great."
In some neighborhoods, women on balconies ululated with the joyous
tongue-trilling used to mark weddings and births. Others sang the
national anthem.
State television, a bastion of support for the Mubarak regime, began
reporting the celebrations across the nation. It was a big change for
state television, which had spent most of the last days of the uprising
trying to portray the demonstrators as a minority.
Mubarak's departure, said the station's reporter outside his Cairo
palace, "showed that the Egyptians are capable of making their own
history. They are able to move the water that has been still for 30
years."
"At this moment, Egyptians are breathing freedom," said the TV presenter.
The mood of several hundred thousand protesters who had earlier gathered
outside the presidential palace of Ras el-Tin in coastal Alexandria and
the downtown area broke into celebration on hearing of Mubarak's
resignation. They waved flags, whistled and danced.
People in the southern city of Assiut fired guns in the air as they
roamed the streets on motorcycles or pickup trucks. Coffee houses
distributed free sweet drinks to anyone who walked by.
Earlier in the day, two protesters were killed in a clash with security
forces there, and crowds set a police station on fire. The army
evacuated the local governor to the military headquarters in southern
Egypt.
Hundreds of miles away, in the restive Sinai Peninsula city of al-Arish,
celebrations over Mubarak's departure began as a gun battle continued
between a group of residents and security forces outside a police
station.
The head of northern Sinai's health services, Sami Anwar, said two people have been killed and 35 wounded in the fighting.
The gun battle erupted when the residents tried to storm the police
station, the latest violence in a long dispute over what residents see
as the heavy-handed tactics of the police.
In Cairo, in the midst of the celebration, Ala Moussa said he was shot
in the back by a policeman's rubber bullet at an earlier protest. He
removed his glasses and wiped away tears.
"We have our freedom now," he said. "The question now is if we can take another route. I hope so."
Mohammed el-Masry, who marched to the presidential palace, said he had
spent the past two weeks living in the protest encampment at Tahrir
Square. He also wept.
"We made it," he said.