Liu Jianwang, 61, and Chen Jinping, 59, face charges of conspiring to act as an agent of China's government without informing US authorities, and obstruction of justice.
The leaked documents were believed to be the most serious US security breach since 2010.
Georgia Congresswoman Marjorie Taylor Greene defended Teixeira, saying that the Biden administration is the real enemy.
The FBI said on Thursday it has "made an arrest and is continuing to conduct authorized law enforcement activity at a residence in North Dighton, Massachusetts."
Investigators are considering a number of theories, from someone who misplaced the documents to an insider who actively wanted to undermine US national security interests.
“Bad actors have figured out ways to use public USB ports to introduce malware and monitoring software onto devices,” FBI officials announced in a tweet.
Trump appeared at an arraignment in New York on Tuesday before flying back to his home in Florida to make public remarks.
Trump has warned of potential "death & destruction" if he faced criminal charges.
The proposition was approved unanimously by the Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee (FADC) chaired by MK Yuli Edelstein (Likud).
While incidents increased nearly 20% in 2021 relative to 2020, the 2021 numbers represent a 15% decline from 2019.