Clooney joined forces with US human rights activist John Prendergast in a project called The Sentry that aims to investigate the flow of money in and out of conflict zones and give policymakers the tools to take effective action.
Using data collection, field research and analysis technology, the initiative plans to expose how conflict is financed and profits laundered, with a website encouraging people to anonymously submit leaks and tips.
Clooney, 54, a campaigner who has led drives to highlight the plight of refugees in Sudan, and Prendergast said the aim was to "deny war profiteers the proceeds from their crimes".
"Real leverage for peace and human rights will come when the people who benefit from war will pay a price for the damage they cause," two-time Oscar winner Clooney said in a statement.
The initiative, launched days before US President Barack Obama visits Africa, will probe the financing of conflicts from northeast to central Africa, including Democratic Republic of Congo, Central African Republic, Sudan, and South Sudan.