Key dates in Fidel Castro's government in Cuba

  • Jan. 1, 1959 - Dictator Fulgencio Batista flees Cuba and Fidel Castro's rebels take power.
  • February 1960 - Soviet Deputy Prime Minister Anastas Mikoyan visits Cuba, signs sugar and oil deals, first of many pacts over next 30 years.
  • June 1960 - Cuba nationalizes US-owned oil refineries after they refuse to process Soviet oil. Nearly all other US businesses expropriated by October.
  • October 1960 - Washington bans exports to Cuba, other than food and medicine.
  • April 16, 1961 - Castro declares Cuba socialist state.
  • April 17, 1961 - 1,297 Cuban exiles supported by CIA invade at Bay of Pigs; attack collapses two days later.
  • Jan. 22, 1962 - Cuba suspended from Organization of American States; Cuba responds with call for armed revolt across Latin America.
  • Feb, 7, 1962 - Washington bans all Cuban imports.
  • October 1962 - President Kennedy orders blockade of Cuba to force removal of Soviet nuclear-armed missiles; Soviets agree within days and Kennedy agrees privately not to invade Cuba.
  • March 1968 - Castro's government takes over almost all private businesses other than small farms.
  • July 1972 - Cuba joins Comecon, Soviet-led economic bloc.
  • April 1980 - Refugee crisis starts at Mariel port as Cuba says anyone can leave; some 125,000 Cubans flee by end of September.
  • December 1991 - Collapse of Soviet Union ends extensive aid and trade for Cuba; economic output plunges 35 percent by 1994.
  • August 1994 - Castro declares he will not stop Cubans trying to leave; some 40,000 take to sea heading for United States. Expanded US-Cuba migration agreement signed in September.
  • October 1997 - Castro reaffirms younger brother, Raul Castro, as successor. Jan. 21-25, 1998 - Pope John Paul II visits Cuba.
  • June 23, 2001 - Castro faints briefly giving speech in searing sun, stunning Cubans and forcing many for first time to accept his eventual mortality.
  • Dec. 16, 2001 - Shipments of corn and chicken arrive in Havana harbor, the first direct US food sales to Cuba in nearly 40 years.
  • March 6, 2003 - Parliament elects Castro to sixth 5-year term as president of Council of State, Cuba's supreme governing body.
  • March 18, 2003 - Cuba cracks down on dissidents it alleges work with US; 75 sentenced to prison terms ranging from six to 28 years.
  • Oct. 20, 2004 - Castro trips and falls after speech, shattering left kneecap and breaking right arm, underscoring advancing age.
  • November 2004 - Cuba releases half-dozen political prisoners, including dissident writer Raul Rivero, in move widely seen as intended to court favor with European Union.
  • Feb. 2, 2005 - Castro calls President Bush "deranged" for referring to Cuba as outpost of tyranny.
  • July 27, 2006 - Castro's final personal appearance as president: A four-hour Revolution Day speech urging Cubans to have patience that electrical problems will be solved.
  • July 31, 2006 - Castro temporarily cedes power to brother to recover from operation for gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • Aug. 13, 2006 - Castro turns 80. Birthday celebrations postponed to December to give him more recovery time.
  • Dec. 2, 2006 - Castro fails to appear at military parade marking the 50th anniversary of Cuba's Revolutionary Armed Forces, does not attend any of his birthday celebrations.
  • March 28, 2007 - Castro writes the first dozens of essays called "Reflections of the Commander in Chief" that give him a voice on international affairs while he remains off the public stage.
  • June 18, 2007 - Castro's sister-in-law Vilma Espin, Raul's longtime wife and a former fellow rebel fighter, dies at age 77.
  • Aug. 13, 2007 - Castro turns 81, again failing to appear in public.
  • Oct. 14, 2007 - Castro makes live broadcast telephone call to ally Hugo Chavez, who tells him, "You will never die."
  • Dec. 18, 2007 - Castro publishes essay saying he doesn't intend to cling to power forever, will not "obstruct the path of younger people." Repeats the theme 10 days later in letter to parliament.
  • Jan. 20, 2008 - Castro re-elected to parliament, leaving open possibility could remain as president.
  • Feb. 19, 2008 - Castro resigns as president, apparently will remain in parliament.