Wayne Stiles is an author who has never recovered from his travels in Israel—and loves to write about them from his desk in Texas.Beersheba. Just say the name, and images come to mind of an old, crusty patriarch leaning on his staff in the dry winds of the wilderness.
I like to imagine Abraham squinting through the head covering that shelters his wrinkled face and thirsty lips. He scans the barren Negev for thieves. Not those who would take his flocks or possessions, but for those who would steal water—the Negev’s most precious and indispensable commodity.
Beersheba epitomizes the faith God required to live in the Holy Land. With little rainfall, the area relied on wells for water. In fact, it was because of a well that Beersheba first appeared on the pages of biblical history.
Abraham paid the price of seven ewe lambs to secure ownership of a well at Beersheba. The site takes its name from the phrase “the well of the seven” (Genesis 21:25-34). Isaac also quarreled over a well in Beersheba and named the place “the well of the oath” (Genesis 26:26-33).
Beersheba served as the last stop on the road called “The Way of the Patriarchs.” This ancient highway stretched along the watershed of the Hill Country and received its name from the patriarchs who traveled north and south along it. The road dead-ended at Beersheba.
Because the ancient site was the last stop, it remained the proverbial southern border throughout the history of biblical Israel. Repeatedly in the Scriptures, the phrase, “from Dan to Beersheba,” outlined the practical north-south borders of the nation (Judges 20:1; 2 Samuel 24:2; 1 Kings 4:25). After the kingdom split, and still throughout the returns from the Exile, Beersheba remained the southern boundary of the Kingdom of Judah and of Judea (2 Kings 23:8; 2 Chronicles 19:4; Nehemiah 11:27, 30). Even the bishop of Caesarea, Eusebius, writing his
Onomasticon around AD 313, still defined Beersheba (“Bersabee”) as Judea’s southern boundary.
Following the Exile to Babylon, some of the returning Jews resettled in Beersheba (Nehemiah 11:27-30). Similarly, after modern Israel became a nation in 1948, many immigrating Jews settled in modern Beersheba (not far from the ancient site), making it the fourth-largest city in the nation.
Visitors to Tel Beersheba today can regain a sense of the patriarchs’ resolve by standing atop the tower that allows a birds-eye view of the ruins. Hot, dry, dusty—the area is a perfect picture of the word, “desolate.”
Before entering the outer gate of the tell, I passed a tamarisk tree and a well. Both of these items again bring to mind Abraham, who planted a tamarisk and dug a well at Beersheba (Genesis 21:30-33). Inside the gate and to the left is a spot with several steps. Here a large altar may have stood during the time of Josiah. Archaeologists unearthed at Beersheba a large, horned altar that someone dismantled. It is possible this destroyed sandstone altar represents the results of King Josiah’s religious reforms (2 Kings 23:8).
Meandering through the ruins, I observed remains from a typical Israelite four-room house, a pillared building used as stables, and a set of large, circular stairs leading underground to a major water system. A painted black line runs horizontally across many of the ruins, separating the original walls below the line from the reconstructions built on top of it.
As the last stop before the ancient wilderness, Beersheba became also—ironically—a point of departure for many spiritual journeys. Abraham, Hagar, Jacob, and Elijah all experienced life-changing encounters with God in association with Beersheba (Genesis 16:8; 21:17; 46:3-4; 1 Kings 19:3).
As I stood in the arid winds of Tel Beersheba, the truth seemed both overwhelming and irresistible. God used this unassuming, barren place to shape some of the most significant lives in the Bible.
How to Get There: From Jerusalem, take Route 1 west to Route 6 south. Remain on Route 6 and it merges with Route 40. Take a right on Route 60 and follow the signs to the tell.
What to Do There: Take your camera, plenty of water, and the book of Genesis. Climb the observation tower at the tell and read Genesis 16, 21, 26, and 46.
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