The report said that the upper layer is warming at 0.13 degrees Celsius yearly because of global warming.
Prof. Celeste Saulo: "We cannot afford to wait any longer" to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and accelerate the transition to renewable energy sources.
Readers of The Jerusalem Post have their say.
A new study suggests that high temperatures may be responsible for higher numbers of alcohol and drug related hospital visits.
With temperatures soaring around the Persian Gulf, steps are being taken to cool things down, including introducing environmentally friendly laws and planting millions of trees.
The UN chief also called on G20 leaders to ensure a stimulus of at least $500 billion per year towards meeting the Sustainable Development Goals.
Calling nature a "sacred gift from the creator," the pope urged people to take the side of the "victims of environmental and climatic injustice."
Sea ice in Antartica is steadily declining, threatening emperor penguin colonies which rely on sea ice for their breeding cycles.
El Niño, a warming of water surface temperatures in the eastern and central Pacific Ocean that returned this year, would strongly affect the region.
Scientists say climate change is making heatwaves more frequent, intense, and likely to happen across seasons, not just in what was regarded as the summer months.
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