The American proposal outlines a series of steps from the release of hostages to long-term economic development in Gaza. But who really stands to benefit?
US President Donald Trump’s 20-point plan is considered one of the most comprehensive proposals to end the war in the Gaza Strip since it began in October 2023. The plan, described as a political and strategic roadmap, outlines what would happen in the event of an agreement. The core question: What does each side stand to gain?
What does Israel gain?
The return of hostages within 72 hours – a major strategic achievement.
Disarmament of Hamas and the demilitarization of the Strip, including the destruction of tunnels, weapons factories and military infrastructure under international supervision.
Removal of Hamas from power, with guarantees that it will not be part of any future governing framework.
Deployment of an international stabilization force, with American and Arab backing, to ensure border security in coordination with Egypt and Jordan.
Temporary Israeli security control – instead of full occupation or annexation – maintaining a security envelope until the area is declared “free of terror.”
What does Hamas gain?
A large-scale prisoner release: 250 serving life sentences and an additional 1,700 detainees held since October 7, including women and minors.
Return of bodies, based on a ratio of 1:15 between fallen hostages and Palestinian bodies.
Amnesty for those who lay down their arms or the option of safe passage to third countries.
Immediate large-scale humanitarian aid for Gaza residents – including water, electricity, hospital support and a US- and UN-backed economic development plan. While not necessarily a win for Hamas, it does benefit the population.
Formation of a Palestinian technocratic government – sidelining both Hamas and the Palestinian Authority. Hamas is defeated, the PA does not emerge victorious, and a vacuum is avoided.
One side’s gain is the other’s cost
For Israel, the price would be releasing hundreds of security prisoners, relinquishing direct control in Gaza and depending on an international mechanism.
For Hamas, it means giving up its military identity, disarming, and transitioning from a resistance organization to a marginalised political player.
Trump’s proposal offers each side its own incentives – or “carrots.” For Israel: security and the return of hostages. For Hamas: symbolic legitimacy and concessions with long-term implications.