American Jews consider Qatar the second most serious threat to the national security of Israel and the United States, according to a recent Jewish People Policy Institute (JPPI) survey.

The survey collected data from the JPPI’s “Voice of the Jewish People” panel, in which American Jews were surveyed on their views regarding political and religious topics.

Participants were asked to rank the level of threat they believe various nations, including Iran, Yemen, Qatar, and Turkey, pose to Israel.

Iran was ranked at the highest level of threat, with 83% of participants classifying it as an “existential threat.” Fifty-seven percent believed that the threat was “to a great extent,” and 25% stated it was only “to a certain extent.”

Qatar ranked second for perceived threat level among American Jews, with Yemen in third place and Turkey in fourth, a ranking different from what JPPI found in similar data collected from Israeli Jews.

Israeli Jews also view Iran as the biggest threat to Israel but ranked Turkey second and Qatar third.

American Jews agree on rise in Republican antisemitism

When it comes to domestic threats to American Jewry, participants were asked if they agreed with Texas Republican Senator Ted Cruz’s assessment that there has been “a significant increase in antisemitism among the Right in the past six months.”

A vast majority – 88% – of participants agreed with Cruz, with only 4% expressing disagreement. That consensus was consistent across the American political spectrum.