China had established a "stunning lead in high-impact research" under government programs against the West, The Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI) said.
The Kh-47M2 Kinzhal is an air-launched hypersonic missile typically loaded on specialized MiG-31K warplanes.
Medvedev has repeatedly made bombastic threats to unleash Russia's arsenal, including warnings that the Kremlin would use nuclear weapons.
The Russian frigate 'Gorshkov' will sail the oceans armed with the hypersonic 'Zircon' cruise missiles, according to Russian President Vladimir Putin.